A charge controller is basically an appliance that regulates or stabilizes the voltage produced by the solar panel the direction of current and prevents overcharging.
Connecting solar panel directly to load.
The rule of thumb when connecting solar panels directly to a battery is never connect more than c 10 watts where c is the capacity of your battery.
Wiring the battery to the charge controller.
This is why you can t connect your solar panel directly to your battery.
Connecting a solar panel to a 12 volt battery is not a hard thing to do.
Limited current amps rating lvd low voltage disconnect and it s connected to the battery via a mosfet fuse.
The direct load can be directly powered up through solar power and a charge controller during the sunshine day time and during the shading night the dc load can be powered up using the battery.
If we have two solar panels with the same voltage but different wattage there is no problem.
A complete note on solar panel installation with calculation examples the dc load light fan etc is directly connected to the charge controller and can be fed up by two power sources.
Connecting solar panels to charge controller.
When the load exceeds what the panel can harvest the battery makes up the difference.
Dc fuse box attached to the load terminals of a charge controller.
Exceeded for minutes to hours i used to connect a 60w solar panel to my car battery every few months and let it charge to equalize it i don t recall the peak voltage but it went over 15 5 for hours.
As long as the solar pv panel can supply the load the battery will not be depleted.
The load terminals on most charge controllers has both.
The liquid in the battery made bubbling sounds and boiled freely the hood was open and no danger of a spark.
This is necessary because the current produced by the sun my vary depending on the intensity of the sunshine.